States of Concsciousness (hannes)

10 important questions on States of Concsciousness (hannes)

What has EEG data shown about arousal?


Awake:

- High frequencies & low amplitude

- saccadic eye movements
- muscle tone


Asleep

- low frequencies & high amplitude

- no saccadic eye movements
- low muscle tone


REM sleep
- high frenquencies & low amplitude
- saccadic eye movements
- low muscle tone

Which neurotransmitters are linked with Reticular formation


- noradrealine - perception
- dopamine - emotion
- serotonine - sleep
- acetylcholine - memory

What are the 3 aspects of conciousness?


- a state
- a device
- a sensation
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The three levels of arousal in the brain are modulated by:


- direct MRF activation of the cortex via neuromodulators,

- MRF disinhibition sensory gating

- oscillations of the thalamocortical circuit.

What does EEG over a TMS show?


Connectivity during awake is large
during paradoxical sleep (dream) is moderate
During deep sleep is low

Diagnostic criteria of brain dead


- No reaction, no pupil response, no EEG

BUT: SSEP showed a response to electrical stimulation of the wrist

What does the glasgow coma scale measure?

Level of awereness through score 3-15

What causes Locked in Syndrome


- Trauma
- Occlusion (verstopping) of brain stam at basilar artery

At which level of conciousness disorder does connectivity get lost?

- Vegetative state and above

How it was shown that patients in Vegetative State sometimes still receive and process information, up to the level of full conscious content?


- patients respond more strongly to its own name (EEG)
- fMRI shows patients can think 'tennis' with approtiate brain pattern for answer 'YES'.

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