Biotic effects of habitat fragmentation - Population level effects of fragmentation - Demographic effects
4 important questions on Biotic effects of habitat fragmentation - Population level effects of fragmentation - Demographic effects
Explain what is ment by "demographic stochasticity".
The fluctuation in demographic factors such as birth-death ratio and male-female ratio in a population that are purely the result of chance.
Why is demographic stochasticity an exponential threat in a small population?
Because fluctuations are larger in terms of percentage and have much more impact on the future of the population then in a larger population.
Give a description of the extinction vortex or the Allee effect
In a low population size, induvidual capacity to survive and produce offspring is lowered. This makes it difficult for a population to recover to it's carying capacity. Fluctuation in demographics makes it worse. And a downward spiral to extinction is created.
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What factors contribute to the Allee effect?
- Difficulty in mate location
- Reduced group defences against predators
- Reduced group foraging efficiency
- Breakdown of social integration
- Chance inequality in sex ratio
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