Prior Knowledge, Long-Term Memory, and Retrieval (Remembering) - Prior knowledge and long-term memory

4 important questions on Prior Knowledge, Long-Term Memory, and Retrieval (Remembering) - Prior knowledge and long-term memory

Episodic (autobiographical) memory and Semantic memory are both in the long-term memory. This differs from the concepts of sensory and working memory. What are the differences between the first two?

1. Episodic (autobiographical) memory: represents knowledge about ourselves and what has happened to us in our past, including the emotions and sensations tied to these experiences.
2. Semantic memory: represents general knowledge about an entity, detached from specific experiences.

Long-term memory may be explicit or implicit. With implicit memory, consumers are not consciously aware that they remember something. This leads to processing fluency. How does this kind of memory work?

If we would consciously remember everything, we would overburden our information-processing ability. It is more efficient to subconsciously process some information and store it.

Consumers apply chunking to help them memorize information in the working memory. Subsequently, they can rehearse to improve the transfer of information to long-term memory. What do these concepts mean?

The first describes the creation of meaningful combinations (chunks) of information to improve memory.


The second means that we actively and consciously interact with the material that we are trying to remember, perhaps by repeating or actively thinking about the information and its meaning. In marketing contexts, rehearsal is most likely to occur when consumers are motivated to process and remember information.
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Recirculation can also ensure information is transferred to long-term memory. Unlike rehearsal, there is no active attempt to remember the information. The third way of transferring information into the long-term memory is by elaboration. What is this?

This describes the process of transferring information into long-term memory by processing it at deeper levels. This happens by relating information to prior knowledge.

A positive mood boosts elaboration and rehearsal.

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