Criminal justice

12 important questions on Criminal justice

Tennessee v. garner


Deadly Force: Force likely to cause death or great bodily harm. Also, "the intentional use of firearm or other instrument resulting in a high probability of death.
-Specified the conditions under which deadly force could be used in the apprehension of suspected felons.

The single largest predictor of police use of force

Citizens insulting police first

4 types of police stress


1) external stress- high speed chase or gun run
2) organizations stress- working holidays or odd hours
3) personal stress - poor training, lack of job satitsfaction
4) operational stress- dealing with criminals
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Coolidge v. New Hampshire

plain view - the police can search for an seize evidence without benefit of a warrant if it is in plain view

Terry v. Ohio

stop and frisk - an officer may stop and frisk a person if her or she has reasonable suspicion that criminal activity is afoot

U.S v Drayton

protections to searches and seizures that occur on buses, as well as the function of consent during searches by law enforcement

Miranda v. Arizona

Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police (Warren)

Brown v. Mississippi

case that ruled that a defendant's involuntary confession that is extracted by police violence can't be entered as evidence b/c it violates the due process clause

Nix v. Williams

creates the Inevitable Discovery Rule allowing evidence discovered as the result of an illegal search to be introduced if it can be shown that the evidence would have been found anyway

U.S v. Leon

was a Supreme Court case about drugs in which the Supreme Court of the United States created the "good faith" exception to the exclusionary rule.

Berghuis v. Thompson

Now in order to "remain silent" an arrested person must say they are going to remain silent. Also, police no longer have to read you the Miranda rights during an arrest, the only time you will be read your rights is before an interregation.

What proof do you need to search a vehicle?

a probable cause, must have some facts or evidence

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