Questions from the lectures

46 important questions on Questions from the lectures

How many total square kilometers has latin america?

A bit more than 21.000.000 square kilometres. (21.069.501 km2)

Important Indian languages spoken in latin america:

Quechua, Nahuatl, Guaraní, Aymara, Mayan languages

Where are plains / grasslands?

* Pampas: Argentina/Southern Brazil/Uruguay
* Gran Chaco: Paraguay/Argentina
* Llanos: Venezuela/Colombia
* Plains: Northern Mexico
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What are important rivers in latin america:

* Amazon (7000km)
* Paraná/Paraguay (5000km)
* Orinoco (4000km)

Name the different climates in Latin America:

* Tropical: the Amazon, rainforests in Yucatán, Guatemala, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru; Caribbean
* Subtropical: Central Chile
* Temperate: large parts of Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Southern Brazil
* Polar: the very south of the continent and the highlands of Bolivia

Name 4 mayor cities and number of inhabitants in Latin America:

* Mexico City: + 22 million (including metropolitan areas in the Valley of Mexico)
* Sao Paulo: + 20 million
* Buenos Aires: + 14 million
* Rio de Janeiro: + 12 million

Who are “mestizos”, “mulatos”, “zambos”?

* Mestizo: child from White & Amerindian parents

* Mulato: child from White & Black parents

* Zambo: child from Amerindian & Black parents

Agricultural products for interior consumption:

* Corn
* potatoes
* grain
* rice
* manioc

Name agricultural products for export:

* coffee

* sugarcane

* cacao

* cotton

* tobacco


Name countries with important livestock breeding in latin america:

* in the mountains and valleys of Argentina and Uruguay farmers hold large herds of bovines, sheep, horses and pigs. Because of their enormous amount of livestock and the export of meat and derivates like leather, milk and wool, the regions of Patagonia, Chaco and Pampa in Argentina are the most important in the world. In Uruguay 85% of its surface is used for grazing.

Name countries with large fishing fleets:

* Because of the large costal areas along the Atlantic and Pacific oceans fishing is very important since the early ages. Chile and Peru have fishing fleets which are among the largest in the world.

Energy related products exported to other countries

* Petroleum
* natural gas
* carbon/coal

Countries with heavy industries:

* Heavy industries concentrate in Mexico, Cuba, Venezuela, Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile in zones with large mineral reserves, like iron and carbon. Steel, pig iron, and rolled sections / roles are important products.

* Latin America competes globally in the sectors of petroleum and its derivates (gasoil, petrol, fuel) and in activities related to the extraction of minerals like iron, silver, gold, zinc, copper, tin. The industries concentrate around the big cities.

What is the Pan Americana?

Network of roads, about 47.958 kms. In total length. Except for the Darién Gap, an 87 km. rainforest break, the Panamericana links the mainland nations of the Americas in one connected highway system. It travels trough 14 countries: Canada (unofficially), United States (unofficially), Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panamá, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile and Argentina.

Where is the Panama Canal and why is it
important?:

The Panama Canal is a 77 km (48 mi) ship canal in Panama that joins the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. Built from 1904 to 1914, annual traffic has risen from about 1,000 ships in the canal's early days to more than 15,000 vessels in 2010, measuring a total 309.6 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons.

What does MERCOSUR stand for?:

Mercado Común del Sur ( Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil, Venezuela)

What is El Pacto Andino:

Commercial Pact between Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Venezuela)

WHy did the aztecs saccrife people

Because else they thought that the sun would stop shining


Name the major mountain ranges of Mexico?


Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre Occidental


§What is the most important and populous region of Mexico?


§Central Plateau


§Ancient Mayan ruins can be found in which region of Mexico?


§Yucatan Peninsula


§Which native civilization was conquered by Cortez and the Spanish in Mexico?


§the Aztecs


§What three cultures make-up Mexico?


§Ancient Indian, colonial Spanish and modern Mexican


§What is a HACIENDA?


§Large Spanish-owned estates of land, usually run as a farm or cattle ranch


§Who provided the labor on the Haciendas?

Indians


§What is a mestizo?

Person of mixed Spanish and native Indian ancestory


§What economic alliance is Mexico a member of?

§NAFTA


§What is the main economic activity of Central America?


§Agricultural


§What do Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic) make up?


§Greater Antilles


§What group was originally brought to the Caribbean to work on the sugar plantations?


§Africans


§What are the tropical grasslands of South America called?

Llanos and pampas


§What is the predominant climate in Latin America?


§Tropical climates

What do Ecuador, Venezuela and Mexico have in common


§oil


§What is the main problem in Mexico City?


§Smog and pollution


§What was the ancient South American native culture conquered by Spain?

Incas


§Describe Latin America’s social structure.


§Rigid


§What 3 things do most Latin American cities have in common?


§Coastal, megacities, squatter settlements


§What is Macchu Picchu?


§Ancient Incan ruins


§What is the name of the ancient Mayan ruins in Guatemala?


§Tikal


§What is the largest economic activity in Argentina’s patagonia region?


§Cattle ranching


§What are Argentina’s cattle ranchers called?


§gauchos

In which year did Columbus "discover" America

1492

Hegel wrote his “History of Philosophy" what did he write about in the 19 century

–In his view the New world was to be divided in a dynamic North and a decadent
South.
–The United States were a European dream come true: like a better, rejuvenated morally superior Europe

Who said Good Wild Men” in the 16 century :

Chrales Montaigne (1580, Essays)


•Why did they attack america in the 18 century

America was developing rapidly compared to Europe: economy and population Comte de Buffon (French naturalist) : the Americas were inferior

In what year dit Argentina invoeren universal suffrage for men, a 100 years earlier than in Holland

1821

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