Guiding questions lectures + antwoord
5 important questions on Guiding questions lectures + antwoord
- De Saussure stated that words function like linguistic symbols with two sides, which he called signifiant and signifié (signifier and signified in English). Explain his theory.
2. Why is the awareness and interpretation of language as a carrier of culture so important for cultural historians? Can you illustrate your explanation with an example from history?
3. As you may have noticed, this week’s course is all about interactivity in language: in cultural models, in communication, in differences between the self and the other. The paradigmatic shift in historiography called the linguistic turn has made historians more aware of the multifaceted nature of language. Explain how this awareness is visible in Mikael Bakhtin’s notion of heteroglossia.
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4. Claude Lévi-Strauss is one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century. He can be considered as the founding father of modern anthropology. Often, he is connected to structuralism, but, as is explained in the book and also in the lecture, to consider his work as merely an exercise in binary thinking is a mistake. The notion of bricolage makes clear how Lévi-Strauss deals with what he called the ‘paradox in culture’. Explain this paradox and how bricolage seeks to overcome binary thinking.
5. Explain Michel Foucault’s notion of épistème and how this relates to another notion introduced by him: discours.
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