Sampling I: Concepts of sample representation and sample quality - Sampling error and sample bias

3 important questions on Sampling I: Concepts of sample representation and sample quality - Sampling error and sample bias

What are three reasons a sample may not be representative for the population?

1. Sampling error (also sampling variance).
2. Sample bias.
3. Nonsampling error.

What is sample bias?

Sample bias refers to the possibility that members of a sample differ from the larger population in some systematic fashion.

In which three ways can sample bias occur?

1. Coverage bias; if some segment of the population is improperly excluded from consideration in the sample or is not available through the method employed in the research.
2. Selection bias; if some population groups are given disproportionately high or low chances of selection.
3. Nonresponse bias.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

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