PP / Product realization

18 important questions on PP / Product realization

What are the 4 phases of the product realization process?

1. Develop, evaluate and choose ideas
2. Develop products (from idea to actual product)
3. Realizing products (produce the actual product and make available for customers)
4. Improvement of products (ongoing)

What are the two interpretations of 'Customer Value'

1. Value to Customer - V2C
The sum of benefits a customer receives from choosing a particular offer minus the sacrifices (money, time, energy) they must make in exchange - also called customer experience (CX)


2. Value to Firm - V2F
The total contribution that a customer brings to an organization over the entire duration of that customers relationship with the organization.

Also called Customer Lifetime Value (CLV)

Why is it important that on the long run, the value of customer and the customer experience balance each other out?

If there is a long term imbalance, the customer might not receive enough value and walk away or the organizations spends too much money to make the customer happy, and as a results lose money.
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What are the foundations of co-creation?

- Dialoge
- Access
- Risk assessment
- Transparency

What are the forms of co-creation?

1. Co-innovation; development op new products in collaboration with customers


2. Co-production; customer takes over parts of the production process

3. Customization; customer is able to tailor certain parts of a product or service

4. Integration; gathering several services or products from different providers on one website, so that eventually on end-product is created

What is a disadvantage of co-creation?

Is might sometimes lead to inefficiency and therefore less value for the organization

What are the 5 phases of product development?

1. Generating ideas
2. Concept development
3. Product design
4. Product testing
5. Product introduction

What two form of co-creation can be used in customer driven innovation when developing a product?

1. Mass collaboration
2. Crowdsourcing

What are the 3 key issues of crowdsourcing

1. Incentives
2. Intellectual property
3. Information security

What are 2 tools for online product realization?

1. Customer journey mapping
2. DNA-Model

Define Customer Journey Mapping

Identifies where improvements to the customers touchpoint are possible in order to achieve an optimal customer experience across all channels

A method to visualize the purchase process or service from the customers perspective.

What are the 3 steps of the DNA model?

1. What are the different phases of the process?
2. Who should be present for these phases?
3. Which steps occur in the back office and which ones on the website or app (the front office)

For each step you must consider the presence of the consumer and the supplier.

What is meant with front office in the DNA model?

The part of the organization where the provider has contact with the customer

What is meant with back office in the DNA model?

Supports the employees and processes in the front office. Customer has no insights in what happens in the back office

What are the requirements of the online front office? (8 points)

- Clear terms and pricing
- Range of products and focus products
- Wizards
- Calculation aids
- Quality stamps, user reviews, customer ratings
- Trust/confidence
- Mobile communication
- Tracking visitor behavior

What are the requirements for the back office? (7)

- 99.95% availability
- Support by all browsers
- Presence of phone number or call me number
- Automated processes
- Event-driven marketing for returning visitors
- Track&trace
- Alerts

What are internal sources used for?

There are different methods for gathering ideas for optimizing online product process and services offered

Unstructured: brainstorming sessions, suggestions made during meetings, individual input

Structured: Customer satisfaction surveys, overview of FAQ, periodic meetings, analysis of competitors sites, website statistics

What are external sources?

Feedback from customers, suppliers, other external parties you might work with

- review sites
- Websites of consumer organizations and programs
- Magazines and blogs
- Social media
- App Store reviews

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