Externalizing Disorders - ODD, CD & ASPD - Conduct Disorder

11 important questions on Externalizing Disorders - ODD, CD & ASPD - Conduct Disorder

What is the definition of conduct disorder?

A disorder diagnosed in childhood or adolescence that presents itself through a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated.

How are CD classified in the DSM-5?

  • Must show 3 or more symptoms for at least 12 months
  • Must show 1 or more symptoms for at least 6 months
  • Must cause significant impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning

What are the 4 biggest diagnostic criteria of CD?

  • Agression to people and animals
  • Destruction of property
  • Deceitfulness or theft
  • Serious violations of rules
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What are the symptoms of CD associated with agression to people and animals?

  • Often bullies, threatens or intimidates others
  • Often initiates physical fights
  • Has used a weapon that can cause serious harm to others
  • Has been physically cruel to people
  • Has been psysically cruel to animals
  • Has stolen while confronting victim
  • Has forced someone into sexual activity

What are symptoms of CD associated with destruction of property?

  • Has deliberatively engaged in fire setting
  • Often lies to obtain goods or favors or to avoid obligations

What are symptoms of CD associated with deceitfulness or theft?

  • Has broken into someone else's house, building or car
  • Often lies to obtain goods or favors or to avoid obligations
  • Has stolen items of nontrivial value without confronting victim

What are symptoms of CD associated with serious violations of rules?

  • Often stays out at night despite parental prohibitions
  • Has run away from home overnight at least twice
  • Is often truant (afwezig) from school, before age of 13

What are possible specifications for CD?

  • Lack of remorse or guilt
  • Callous, lack of empathy
  • Unconcerned about performance
  • Shallow or deficient affect
  • Thrill seeking
  • Fearlessness
  • Insensitivity to punishment
  • Use of proactive aggression (aggression as a means to an end instead of an emotional reaction)

How are the possible specifications for CD also named?

Callous and unemotionals traits

What is the prevalence rate of CD?

  • General population: 2-10%
  • Clinical population: 16-34%

What difference does gender make in relation to CD?

Much more boys are diagnosed than girls

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