Translation problem

4 important questions on Translation problem

What are the main flaws that can be made in vitro for a wrong translational research?

- lack of full info
- isolated system with no relation to the disease.
- aspecific binding of the lead
- wrong model for lead optimisation
- celline human extrapolation
- reproducibility of results is very bad
- lack of metabolism/ stability
- It's an incomplete body
- Artificial tools are very different from in vivo. For instance reporter genes, cell lines.

What are the main flaws for translation research in vivo?

- physiology differs
- different isotypes
- dosing regimen differs due to pharmacokinetic targets
- a disease model is not available
- different pharmacokinetic enzymes
- Differences in life spam, Uronic disease/ immune system ageing, comorbidities, multiple disesases.
- ethics
- formulations

Why are endothelial cells an ideal target for therapeutic interference?

They can be used for cancer, heart infarcts, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes type-2 associated kidney disease.
This can happen because:
- They are essential players in the pathology of acute and chronic inflammation and tumor growth
- They are easy accessible from the blood. 
- They are generally genetically stable so drug resistance phenomena are unlikely to occur.
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How are leukocytes guided into inflammatory processes?

Tnf-alpha can trigger the endothelial cells.
1) Leukocytes are rolling on the vessel wall.
2) Leukocyte integrin activated and firm adhesion or recirculation
3) Formation of docking complex and dynamic leukocyte- EC cros talk
4) Endothelial assisted diapedesis

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