Introduction of the course

3 important questions on Introduction of the course

Who discoverend the penicillin?

Alexander Flemming in 1929. Penicillins are beta lactam antibiotics that act as suicide substrates for peptidoglycan transpeptidases involved in crosslinking the bacteria wall.

Later in 1939 Florey, Chain in Oxford worked on it and demonstrated its in vivo efficacy.

After this many persons worked on it to scale the production process. From the 1940 it was available.
Renal clearance was used to get more penicillin.

How went the production of insuline?

In the 1950's, the amino acid structure of insulin was established.
In 1977 the first genetically engineered human insulin was produced in a laboratory
In 1982 the first genetic (human) produced insulin was sold under the brand name Humulin.

What is the Sulfanilamide tragedy?

Around 1937, sulfanilamide was only available in pill form and therefore not that suitable for children. Therefore it was put into a potion and contained Diethyle glycol (DEG). This made the drug become lethal. More than 100 people died. Since that also the adjuvants are tested.

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