Practice Finals

19 important questions on Practice Finals

What is a waste rock?

It is a bedrock that has been mined and transported out of a bit but does NOT have metal concentrations of economical interest

What is mineral extraction?

It is a procedure that takes out valuable metals from a waste rock.

Why is disposable of a waste rock a significant problem in mineral extraction?

It might be:
  1. mechanically unstable
  2. prone to mass movement
  3. chemically unstable
  4. significant leaching and contamination may result
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What are the ranks and grades of coal in listed order of increasing carbon content?

  1. Lignite - brownish soft coal showing traces of plant structure
  2. Bituminous - containing bitumen (black)
  3. Anthracite - coal of a hard variety that contains relatively pure carbon and burns with little flame and smoke


LBA is the rank from greatest to smallest!
(little basketball ass)

Where do spring form?

A spring forms in an aquiclude or aquitard forces groundwater to flow laterally out of a hill side!

What geologic process must occur in order to create a mineral deposit that is economically valuable (ex: ore), explain.

** Put answer here**

What crust is relatively thin and typically consists of basalt and gabbro?

It would be the oceanic crust

What is a continental crust?

Is a layer of granitic, sedimentary and metamorphic rock which forms the continents and areas of shallow sea

What does a higher porosity mean?

It will typically have a higher hydraulic conductivity (more open area for water to flow)

What is reverse faulting?

  • hanging wall moves up while the footwall goes down
  • indicates compressive shortening in the crust
  • It is an opposite of a normal fault

What is a strike-slip fault?

  • Fault in which two blocks are sliding past one another
  • Ex: San Andreas Fault

What are the S waves?

  • They are the secondary waves
  • They having a larger jolt or shaking

What are S waves?

  • They are the primary waves
  • They cause small jolts and light shaking

T/F Do body waves travel from the focus to the other observer, or the seismograph recorder, through earths interior and can be subdivided into P waves and S waves

True!

What do joints, veins and faults have in common? Why do they differ from each other?

  1. Joint - a break of natural origin in the continuity of either a layer or body of rock that lacks
  2. Veins - is a distinct sheet-like body of crystallized minerals within a rock (small)
  3. Faults - a fracture or a zone of fractures between two blocks of rocks

Igneous rock classification scheme is based on :

  1. Proportion of minerals
  2. Texture

What is a stream capacity?

It is the total amount of sediment that it is capable of carrying, in typically more than the actual amount of sediment it is carrying at any given moment

What direction do S waves do to pass through materials?

They do the up and down motion, perpendicular to the direction that the wave travels

PRACTICE QUESTION: Calculate a best estimate of the recoverable bitumen contained within this deposit (in barrels of oil, bbl) using a drainage area of 3.1 km2 and average net pay thickness of 7.4 m. The average porosity of the reservoir is 21% (ie. 0.21) and the average water saturation is 36% (ie. 0.36). Since the reservoir is flat-topped and oval, the shape correction factor is 0.70. Use an oil shrinkage factor of 0.20 and a recovery factor of 0.15.

Put answer here

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