Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos - Thomas Kuhn - Scientific Revolutions: crisis and revolution
7 important questions on Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos - Thomas Kuhn - Scientific Revolutions: crisis and revolution
How does the development of a new scientific theory begin?
New approaches emerge when resistance against the background provided by expectation is given, so people are aware that this anomaly is there.
So re-examination happens where things are adjusted until the anomaly is expected.
How do scientists usually deal with an anomaly when it is found?
When the anomaly cannot be ignored anymore it becomes recognized by the field to solve it. If it still cannot get a solution, many will question the discipline (or the different partial solutions will make people question it)
What is the difference with Popper's falisfiers?
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When is a paradigm declared invalid?
In which three steps is a crisis resolved?
2. The problem resists even radical new approaches. Scientists will conclude that no solution is gonna be found within this field. The problem is for future generations
3. A crisis may end with emergence of a new paradigm; different in field, method and goals
What is a scientific revolution?
= competition for support of members of the community to change the beliefs
When this happens, science does not proceed in a rational way which guarantees scientific progress, because proponents differ in which paradigm is more important
What is an example of a scientific revolution in the 1950's/1970's in Macroeconomics?
1970's: anomaly, stagflation because of the oil crises, recession with high inflation
Bob Lucas started to leave this paradigm (rational expectations)
New paradigm 1990's: new-neoclassical synthethis (modern macroeconomics)
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