Macroeconomics - Equilibrium and Economic Fluctuations - Labor Demand and fluctuations

10 important questions on Macroeconomics - Equilibrium and Economic Fluctuations - Labor Demand and fluctuations

Shifts in the labor demand curve: 2) Change in output demand

When the demand for output decreases, marginal product of labor decreases as we need less workers to produce the Q, so the labor demand curve shifts to the left.

Shifts in the labor demand curve: 3) Change in technology and productivity

If technology and productivity increases, which means that more things can be done automatically, they need less workers as the MP of labor decreases (they contribute less) which causes the LDC to shift leftwards.

Shifts in the labor demand curve: 4) Changing input prices

When the input prices decrease, firms will increase their output which means that MP of labor increases, which shifts the LDC leftwards
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What is the Downward Wage Rigidity?

It means that wages are unlikely to fall, even when during serious contractions.

Why are firms unable or unwilling to cut nominal wages?

Possible reasons:

1) contractual restrictions
2) Impact on work morale

What is capital utilization?

The rate of utilisation of capital.
Example: When employment falls, the physical capital which the prev. employee was using is less productive.

What causes changes in Labor Supply Curve?


1) Tastes and Preferences

2) Opportunity Cost of Time (Robot vacuum cleaner so I can go to work and don’t have to spend time on it myself)


3) Population and demographics (more people who can work)

What causes changes in Labor Demand Curve?

1) Changing output prices
2) Changing output demand
3) Changing Technology and Productivity
4) Changing Input prices

What is Keynes view on Fiscal Policy?

According to Keynes, the government can influence  productivity levels by increasing or decreasing tax levels and public spending

What is Keynes view on Monetary Policy?

According to Keynes, expansionary monetary policy increases the supply of loanable funds available through the banking system, causing interest rates to fall.

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