Complex cognitive processes - Thinking

7 important questions on Complex cognitive processes - Thinking

What is executive function?

An umbrella term for a number of higher-level cognitive processes linked to the development of the brain's prefrontal cortex

What does inductive reasoning mean?

Reasoning from the specific to the general

What are the four main types of thinking mentioned in this chapter?

  1. Reasoning
  2. Critical thinking
  3. Decision making
  4. Creative thinking
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What does the dual process model state?

That decision-making is influenced by an analytical and an experiential system that compete with each other

Guilford distinguished between convergent thinking and divergent thinking. Explain these two concepts.

Convergent thinking produces one correct answer and is characteristic of the type of thinking required on conventional intelligence tests
Divergent thinking produces many answers to the same question and is characteristic of creativity

Name the four concepts that can make decision-making harder/more flawed

  1. Confirmation bias
  2. Belief perseverance - tendency to hold on to a belief
  3. Overconfidence bias
  4. Hindsight bias - tendency to falsely report

Name the five steps in the creative process

  1. Preparation
  2. incubation
  3. insight - ''Aha' moment'
  4. evaluation
  5. elaboration

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