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Engels Mondeling

Q: Which two cultural knowledge exists?

There are two kinds of knowledge about cultures. One is factual knowledge about a culture; it is usually obvious and must be learned. Different meanings of colour, different tastes and other traits indigenous to a culture are facts that a marketer can anticipate, study and absorb. The other is interpretive knowledge : an ability to understand and to appreciate fully the nuances of different cultural traits and pattern.

7 important questions on Engels Mondeling

Which two cultural knowledge exists?

There are two kinds of knowledge about cultures. One is factual knowledge about a culture; it is usually obvious and must be learned. Different meanings of colour, different tastes and other traits indigenous to a culture are facts that a marketer can anticipate, study and absorb.

The other is interpretive knowledge: an ability to understand and to appreciate fully the nuances of different cultural traits and pattern.

What is meant by stability of government policies?

At the top of the list of political conditions that concern foreign businesses is the stability or instability of the prevailing government policies.
Socioeconomic and political environments invariably change; these changes are often brought about or reflected in changes in political philosophy and/or a surge in feelings of nationalistic pride.

What are political risks?

The kinds of political risk confronting a company range from exchange controls, import restrictions and price controls. The most severe political risk is confiscation- seizing a company’s assets without payment. Another type of risk is domestication, when host countries take steps to transfer foreign investments to nationals control and ownership through a series of government decrees.

What are economic risks?

Even though expropriation and confiscation are waning in importance, international companies are still confronted with a variety of economic risks. Restraints on business activity may be imposed under the banner of national security, to protect an infant industry, to conserve scarce foreign exchange, to raise revenue, to retaliate against unfair trade practices and a score of other real or imagined reasons.

What is meant by ethical environment?

Multinational companies operate in a number of countries, where legal and ethical standard may differ. There are huge differences as to right and wrong between the USA and Europe.

Personal selling and negotiations

There are four ways of achieving marketing communication:

advertising
sales promotions
personal selling
public relations

Cultural differences as well as the type of product have a major impact on how an optimal mix is found among the above-mentioned four ways to achieve the objectives of a company. People who want to take into account cultural differences have to be relationship-centred rather than purely deal-centred.

Selling in international marketing, built on effective communications between the seller and buyer, focuses on building long-term relationships rather than treating each sale as a onetime event.

What are the five rules for succesful selling abroad?

1.Be prepared and do your homework. Do as complete a cultural analysis as possible to avoid cultural mistakes.
2.Slow down. Westerns are slaves to the clock. In many countries emphasis on time implies unfriendliness, arrogance and untrustworthiness.
3.Develop relationships and trust before getting down to business. In many countries, business is not done until a feeling of trust has developed.
4.Learn the language.
5.Respect the culture.

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Engels Mondeling

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Engels Mondeling

7 important questions on Engels Mondeling

Which two cultural knowledge exists?

What is meant by stability of government policies?

What are political risks?

What are economic risks?

What is meant by ethical environment?

Personal selling and negotiations

What are the five rules for succesful selling abroad?

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