How long is a piece of string? Measuring disease frequency - What are we measuring

Question

The standardised mortality ratio used when indirect standardisation

Answer 1

the observed number of deaths / the expected number

Answer 2

compares the deaths to expected in the standard population if age specific death rates in the index population are applied, relative to the number actually observed in the standard population

Expected in standard Z / observed in standard Z (x100)

Answer 3

The process where the rate of disease (or mortality) in a population is calculated on the assumption that the population had a standard age-sex distribution. The differences in age/sex between the populations are already removed, so the rates can directly be compared. This is most commonly performed for age and sex but can be performed for other characteristics, such as race and socioeconomic status.

Answer 4

The process where the observed number of events in a study population is compared to the number of events that would have been expected to occur if the study population had the same incidence/mortality rates as a reference population. This is most commonly performed for age and sex but can be performed for other characteristics, such as race and socioeconomic status.