PRODUCTS, BRANDING AND PACKAGING
14 important questions on PRODUCTS, BRANDING AND PACKAGING
What is trading up and down in assortment strategy
- Line extension (line stretching and line filling)
- Line pruning (cutting the assortment)
- Upgrading/downgrading (increasing or lowering service)
What is the definition of a (succesfull) brand
What is the definition of a branded product
The purpose is to create added value for a relatively large group of customers
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Of what consists a brand
- Brand name
- Visual brand
- Trade mark
- Collective brand
- Hallmark (certified stamp or label)
- Brand image / visuals
Name 3 way to launch a product
- Product launch as a branded product
- Product launch as a private label
- Mixed brand strategy
What are the considerations to opt for branded or private label
- Competition considerations
- Capacity considerations
- Growth considerations
Define 2 types of brand strategies
- Individual brand strategy (chocolate Nestlé, Milka, Kinder)
- Family/Umbrella strategy (Chocolate Nestlé leite, com nozes, branco)
Brand extension (Bic canetas -> tinta corretora -> isqueiros)
Name 2 types of dual brand strategy
- Endorsement (Dove belongs to Unilever)
- Co-branding (brand alliance, such as Nespresso + Krups coffee machines)
What brand levels are there
- A-Brand (Coca-Cola)
- B-Brand (First Choice Cola)
- C-Brand
- Fancy Label
- Private Label / Store Brand (Albert Heijn Cola)
- Store Brand
What are the packaging options for products
- Primary packaging (flask of the deodorant)
- Secondary packaging (box with special offer of 2 deodorants)
- Transport packaging (boxes used during distribution)
- Disposable packaging (1 use only)
- Return packaging (refundable beer crates)
- Refill packaging (Dove refill carton for flasks)
What are the main functions of packaging
- Protection
- Handling
- Communication (information, recognition, image)
Define Product Life Cycle (PCL)
Product class, group, form and variant have their own life cycles.
What are the stages of marketing tools implementation
- Product + promotion
- Promotion + distribution
- Distribution + price
- Price change / new product
Ways to extend the product life cycle
- Product modification (innovation)
- Marketing mix modification
- Market modification (different target group)
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