Summary: European Union Law

Read the summary and the most important questions on European Union law

• 1 European institutions

• 1.1 General information

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• On which treaties is the EU union bases?

  1. the treaty on the european union: contains general provisions defining the union and framework for future secondary law
     
  2. the treaty on the functioning of the eurpean union: contains specific provisions that provide the framework for future secondary law

• What are the 4 main institution involved in EU legislation?

  1. European parliament: which represents the citizens of the eu and is directly elected by the citizens
     
  2. The Council of Ministers: which represent the governments of the individual member states
  3. The European Commission: which represent the interests of the Union as a whole
  4. the Court of Justice of the European Union: which interprets the EU law to make sure it is applied in the same way in all EU countries, and settles legal disputes between national government and EU institutions

• European court of auditors

  the ECB has an independent position and a legal personality. It provides the union with a single currency and monetary union

• The court of justice of the european union

  The court of justice consist of two courts:
  1. The court of justice: deals with request of preliminary rulings from national courts, certain actions for annulment and appeals
  2. General court: rules on actions for annulment brought by individuals, companies and EU goverments om special cases.

• 1.2.1 function

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• What is the function of the parliament

  The parliament represents the citizens of the eu who directly elect them through national elections in the member state

• Are there more institution where they are directly elected

  The parliament is the only directly elected body within the eu. It is the most democratic institution and also the most supranational institution of the eu union

• 1.2.1.1 composition

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• When the parliament was born there where not directly election. Explain further

  The parliament would consist of representatives of the peoles of the states. It members were appointed by the national parliament with the procedure laid down by each member state. 
  
  the europeans parliaments were delegated to national parliamentarians. This method of formatuin brought the parliament close to an international assembly

• How did the founding treaty violate the classic logic of international law when the parliament was not directly elected

  • They had abadoned the idea of sovereign equality of the member states by recognizing different sizes for national parliamentary delegations
    
  • the treaties had foreseen that parliament would eventually be formed by direct universal suffrage in accordance with a uniform procedure in all member states

• Maximum size parliament

  Maximum size of up to 7851 members including the president

• What is degressive proportional (nl taal)

  Dit principe houdt in dat het aantal zetels dat een lidstaat in het Europees Parlement heeft, niet recht evenredig is met de bevolkingsomvang van die lidstaat. 
  
  Met zo'n systeem wordt voorkomen dat een enkel land, door de grote bevolking, het geheel kan gaan domineren. Tevens wordt de invloed van kleinere landen hierdoor groter dan op basis van de omvang van de bevolking verwacht zou worden.