Nature and effect of EU law
4 important questions on Nature and effect of EU law
The EU is an international organization sui generis:
Requirements for direct effect
1. Unconditional
2. Sufficiently clear
3. Not dependent on any subsequent further implementation by the member states.
Preliminary reference procedure:
courts of the member states may refer questions to the court of justice on the interpretation and on the validity of EU law (267 TFEU).
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Regulations vertical/horizontal effect?
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