Ethics - Ethics and the law - Awad et al., 2018

11 important questions on Ethics - Ethics and the law - Awad et al., 2018

Machines are not only tasked to promote well-being and minimize harm, but what else is expected from them?

To distribute the well-being they create, and the harm they cannot eliminate.

What is the Moral Machine?

A multilingual online 'serious game' for collecting large-scale data on how citizens whould want autonomous vehicles to solve moral dilemmas in the context of unavoidable accidents.

What is the biggest concern in terms of the rapid development of artificial intelligence?

How machines will make moral decisions.
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The distribution of well-being and harm inevitably create tradeoffs, in what domain does the resolution fall?

In the moral domain.

Which two parties should have consensus when it comes to solving the moral dilemmas?

Ethicists and citizens.

What is gauged (measured) in this study?

Social expectations about how autnomous vehicles should solve moral dilemmas.

Where are the strongest preferences observed globally? List the 3

Sparing humans over animals, sparing more lives and sparing young lives.

On what factors did preferences vary considerably across countries, and what did this reflect?

On gender or social status, this reflected underlying societal-level preferences for egalitarianism.

What impact do the individual variations have on the nine attributes?

Individual variations have no sizable impact on any of the nine attributions.

What are the three distinct 'moral clusters' of countries that were identified?

  1. Western cluster (mainly North America and Europe)
  2. Eastern cluster (mainly Eastern countries) 
  3. Southern cluster (mainly Latin America)

Between-cluster differences may pose great problems. The weight given to some preferences differs greatly. Give an example.

The preference to spare younger characters rather than older characters is much less pronounced for countries in the Eastern cluster and much higher for countries in the Southern cluster.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

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