Saturday: various places

4 important questions on Saturday: various places

Catchment of Skogafoss is really small, which is a bit strange: lots of water (10-20,000 mm/yr) from a small area. What is happening here?

P. 67: runoff: amount of water that will be discharged, strongly linked to rain, since ET is so low.

Here there's a lot of P (4,000 mm/yr) and very low ET. So easily Q of 3,000 m3/m2/yr.
Subsoil of glaciers here must be permeable, allowing infiltration of meltwater from glacier.

What is the effect of local topography on rainfall (p. 44)?

When wind is south - more rain bc water is pushed up to topography.

Considering we would have a flat land: spatial distribution of the rain would be gone.

Decelerating process because glaciers are melting, causing less uplift of moist air. This reduces precipitation (and thus glacier growth) will become lower.

Icecap slopes northward (Myrdalsjokull0
Why located here?

Accumulation zone: flowing ice erodes valleys., like an outlet of accumulation areas.

Accumulation zone: 10-15 km

It is all frozen ice, not snow! Forced downwards from

Glacier: flows, sheer mass pushes down downwards. Within glacier, ice is a liqui and flows. It can only flow if there is enough accumulation upstream.
Snowpack: does not flow 

Glacier is retreating at very fast pace. End morraines indicate this (now have some vegetation on them).

Glaciers are very slow responding systems
Even if climate change would stop, glaciers would continue to retreat for quite a well.
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Glacier also retreated in the vertical, eroding the mountainsides. Now vegetation is growing on the mountainsides.

Depth of lake: might be below sea level, as this has been severely eroded by glacier (probably 2x as it eroded when it moved in and back out).

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