Summary: Explaining How “High-Grade” Systemic Inflammation Accelerates Vascular Risk In...

Read the summary and the most important questions on Explaining How “High-Grade” Systemic Inflammation Accelerates Vascular Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis

• 1 Intro

• What are the keywords in this study?

  • Immune system
  • Inflammation
  • Artherosclerosis
  • Vascular risk

• Which candidates for the high risk of CHD in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are investigated in this study?

  • inflammation
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Endothelial Dysfunction
  • Blood pressure

• What is the risk of death in RA patients?

  70%

• 2 Inflammation as a candidate pathway for CHD

• Which molecule is a powerful measure of inflammation in synovial inflammation?

  CRP

• What is said to explain about 30% of systemic inflammatory burden in RA?

  Adiposity

• 3 Cytokines Have Extensive Metabolic Effects: Functional Pleiotropy

• What is a consequence of the functional pleiotrophy of cytokines?

  That they mediate processes at different levels in an organism.

• What are the pathways of pathogenesis in chronic inflammatory RA?

  • lipoprotein metabolism
  • insulin resistance

• What is the main idea about the effect of cytokine intensity on the host?

  It fully depends on the biological context of the cytokine response. In the short term a cytokine burst can help against pathogens, but will in the long term work detrimental on organ function.

• What is an interesting idea about the effect of IL-6 and leptin of host function?

  They pretty much act as hormones in that they will work  at very low levels, indicating that a rise in those cytokines can be damaging.

• 4 From Synovitis to Accelerated Atherogenesis

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• What pathologies can the cytokines TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6 initiate in RA?

  • insulin resistance
  • dyslipidemia
  • prothrombotic effects
  • endothelial dysfunction
  • pro-oxidative stress