Bacon, Descartes Britse Empiristen - Copernicus, Bacon, Galilei and Newton - Scientific Revolution

4 important questions on Bacon, Descartes Britse Empiristen - Copernicus, Bacon, Galilei and Newton - Scientific Revolution

"Through observations astronomers could refute many ideas handed down by tradition and/or religion'".
Which four astronomers famously found answers that could refute such ideas during the scientific revolution?

  • Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) concluded that the earth orbits the sun rather than the other way around.
  • Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) found out that planets do not orbit the sun in perfect circles.
  • Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642): The sun and the moon are not smooth and thus not perfect.
  • Isaac Newton (1642-1727) presented natural laws of mechanics that pertained to all bodies, apples as well as planets.

What do we call the Scientific Revolution and in which centuries did it take place?

  • The Scientific Revolution is a time period where a new view of nature emerged that replaced the Greek view that had dominated science for over 2,000 years. This led to a lot of new scientific discoveries.
  • It took place during the 16th and 17th centuries (aproximately 1400-1690)

What are the 3 major characteristics of the Scientific Revolution?

  • Commitment to observations and experiments.
  • The application of universal mechanics (i.e., The universe is seen as a clockwork rather than an anthropomorphic or animated entity).
  • The application of universal mathematics (gave a detailed description (and prediction) of regular mechanical principles like laws of nature and forces).
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'The Scientific Revolution started the demystification of the world'
What is meant with this statement?

To understand the world, we no longer needed a god, mysterious forces and the assumptions of a higher goal or purpose steering the world.

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