Older models of adolescence do not explain these observations
9 important questions on Older models of adolescence do not explain these observations
What is the connection between age, self-control, prefrontal cortex, and limbic reward areas based on observations?
- As individuals age, the limbic reward areas become more active
- The limbic reward areas develop faster than the prefrontal cortex, leading to engagement in risky behaviors during adolescence
What did Laurence Steinberg discover about the impact of peers on adolescents?
- The effect is tied to ongoing development of the prefrontal cortex and an overactive limbic system.
- This developmental imbalance can lead to clouded judgment and risky behaviors.
What are the three different developmental models depicted in the provided graphic, and what do they illustrate about sensation seeking and self-regulation over age?
- B. Maturational Imbalance Model (Casey et al., 2008) suggests gradual increase in self-regulation outpaces sensation seeking over time.
- C. Driven Dual Systems Model (Luna & Wright, 2016) indicates a sharp rise and fall in sensation seeking while self-regulation increases steadily.
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What do Steinberg and Casey predict about the development of self-control, and what differences do they have in their predictions?
- Steinberg suggests limbic system sensitivity decreases over time.
- Casey posits that limbic system sensitivity peaks in adolescence then diminishes.
- Steinberg envisions a shift from limbic to self-control systems.
- Casey believes limbic and self-control systems are in competition.
How do Luna and Wright describe the development of cognitive control and the sensitivity of the limbic system?
- Limbic system sensitivity: initially increases, then decreases.
How do Crone and Dahl view the concept of cognitive control and its development?
- It is a flexible ability influenced by motivation.
What does the provided model depict regarding the development of cognitive control and the social brain network?
- Indicates pubertal changes in the limbic system (ventral striatum and amygdala) lead to increased sensation-seeking and novelty-seeking, and sensitivity to peer context.
What does the model show about the link between motivational and goal flexibility and increased social–affective influences?
- Suggests increased social–affective influences on goals and behavior.
What are the characteristics of positive and negative growth trajectories as depicted in the model?
- Negative growth: diminished goals, depression, social withdrawal, excessive motivation for negative goals (e.g., substance use, risk-taking).
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