Microinsurance

8 important questions on Microinsurance

What are reasons why poor have low acces to insurance

moral hazard and adverse selection problems
• Very costly informal mechanisms
• Inefficient government providers

Give the 4 different micro insurance products

• Life insurance: most successful to date
Health insurance
• Livestock and crop insurance
• Rainfall insurance/ Index insurance

What is life insurance? could you give some limitations?

Credit-life contracts: they pay off outstanding loans and provide family with fixed payment in the event of death

limitations:
1) premia often increase if loan size increases. But benefits not since benefit include “fixed-size” payments 2) coverage only during duration of loan › 3) insurance mandatory! This avoids adverse selection, but safe clients (young/healthy) pay for the risky!
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What are the limitations of life stock insurance:

Like health insurance but one more problem: high covariance of risk...

› Difficulty in estimating long term average for crop production (essential to set trigger and premium)

› Slowly picking up, especially in context of greater vertical integration (contract farming)

Mention the advantages and disadvantages of rainfall/index insurance

+ No moral hazard and adverse selection

- Low demand:
• Government / community will give aid during real crisis • Possible low correlation between income and rainfall • Only covers rainfall related losses (base risk)

Give 3 reasons why lending to women could have an advantage from MFI standpoint

Women poorer -> higher capital accumulation
Women less mobile
Women more risk averse

Why Targeting women?

May benefit the MFI › May benefit the development of Society › May benefit women themselves

Why would one target women and why would one target men for lending? answer by using the social impacts:

Women leads to more direct poverty reduction due to:
Over-represented among the poorest of the poor
› Women’s decisions tend to favor within-household expenditures: more for child health and education
› Skewed intra-household distribution   

However: there are indications that lending to men leads to more economic growth! • Higher long-term impact of microfinance

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