Mineral trace elements and health - Calcium
9 important questions on Mineral trace elements and health - Calcium
What breaks bone down?
Osteoclasts basically eat away the bone, thereby releasing its constituents including the calcium.
What determons if a bone is being formed or degraded?
What kind of reactions can be triggered by calcium?
- entry of calcium into muscle cells triggers contraction of the muscle
- entry of calcium into beta-cells in the pancreas causes the release of insulin
- Release of certain neurotransmitters by the nerve cells is also driven by calcium.
- Movement of cells can also be triggerd by calcium
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How are calcium levels in the blood increased?
- The first hormone is parathyroid hormone produced by the parathyroid gland.
- The parathyroid gland consists of clusters of cells located on top of the thyroid gland.Parathyroid hormone is released when the calcium concentration in the blood falls.
- It stimulates the osteoclasts to break down bone, resulting in the release of calcium.
- Calcium deposited in bone is thus not only important for conferring rigidity to bone, but it also serves as a reservoir for calcium in the body that can be recruited to maintain blood calcium levels.
How is the calcium level in the blood decreased?
- When the blood calcium level rises, another hormone called calcitonin is released.
- Calcitonin is produced in the thyroid gland and does the exact opposite of parathyroid hormone.
- It stimulates the osteoblasts to make bone, thereby lowering the calcium concentration in the blood.
What is the effect has the parathyroid hormone on the vitamin D level?
- Parathyroid hormone activates vitamin D.
- Activated vitamin D stimulates the absorption of calcium in the small intestine and the retention of calcium in the kidney.
What is the effect of the calcitonin hormone on the vitamin D level?
- Calcitonin promotes the inactivation of vitamin D.
- The opposing actions of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin guarantee that blood calcium levels remain within a very narrow range.
How is a bone build?
The calcium and phosphorus used to be make bone are acquired from the bloodstream.
What products contain a lot of calcium?
- Cheese
- nuts
- kale
- chineese cabbage
- beans/legumes
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