Nutrition and sport

13 important questions on Nutrition and sport

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercise?

Aerobic exercise: Long term intermediate intense
Anaerobic exercise: Short term very intense

What are the different tipes of energy that you use for sport? (duration of 1 sec, 10 sec, 90 sec, 20 min, 1 hour?

1 sec: Only ATP is used
10 sec:  ATP and creatine phosphate
90 sec: ATP and anaerobic glycolysis (recharging battery)
15 min: Aerobic glycolysis
1 hour: aerobic fatty acid oxidation

How are carbs used as fuel in the body?

The stored form of glucose glycogen is transfered to glucose and used as energy.
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How can you use fats as fuel for the body?

Fat is pressent in the bloed in the form of fatty acids, these are transported from the fat tissue trough the blood to the place where it is needed.
It is also present as triglycerides and these are cut by lipoprotein lipase into fatty acids and again transported to the place where it is needed.

The first process is manly used in sports

When do you use fatty acids en when do you use glycogen?

High intensity glycogen
Low intensity fatty acis (takes a while to be activated)

What ar the advantages and disadvantages of fat and flucose

Main thing of fat is a lot present and it can come from everywhere in the body.

Glucose it has more power but there is only a limited amount present.

Do you use more fat or carbohydrates when you are sporting on high intensity?

You use more carbohydrates

How can training and diet influence if you use carbohydrates or fat as your energy source at high intensity?

Training will let you use more fat. Also if you only eat fat and no carbs you will use more fat.

What should you eat to improve your time to exhaustion and why?

Carbohydrates because your glycogen stored should be maximal.

What sport compounds are non-effective and not dangerous?

  • vitamins
  • chromium
  • green tea

What sport compounds are non-effective and dangerous?

beta blockers for endurance sports

What sport compounds are effective and dangerous?

  • steroids
  • amphetamines
  • EPO

How can you classify ergogenic aids?


  • Metabolic fuels (carbohydrate, lactate, fat)
  • Components that improve metabolism (L: creatine, caffeine, carnitine, vitamins; I: EPO)
  • Stimulants (L:caffeine ; I:amphetamines, cocaine)
  • Anabolic substances that enhance performance (L:protein, amino acids, chromium; I: steroids, growth hormone, insulin, clenbuterol)
  • Substances that enhance recovery (fluids, electrolytes)

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