DALY, cost of illness
15 important questions on DALY, cost of illness
What are three methods in calculating good safety benefits?
- Tax payer: cost-of-illness
- Patients: Health adjusted live year (QALY/DALY)
- Consumers: Willingness to pay
What are three groups of the society? And the benefits per group
- Consumers
- Want 'safe' food
- WTP
- Tax payers
- Do not want to pay a lot of tax to food safety cheese
- cost-of-illness
- (Potential) patients
- Do not want to suffer from food born illnesses
- Disease burden
What are the three elements of the cost-of-illnss method
- Direct health costs (DHC)
- Direct non-health costs (DNHC)
- Indirect non-health costs (INHC)
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What are direct health costs?
What are direct non-health costs ?
- Costs incurred in connection with a health intervention or illness, but which are expended for medical care
- transport cost to hospital , making change is house etc.
What are indirect non-health costs?
- temporary absence from work
- Disability
- premature morality
v= wage cost per day
What are the two approaches to derive indirect non-health costs ?
- Human capital approach (USA)
- Friction cost approach (EU)
What is human capital approach?
- the periode from the age until the age of retirement
- real produce losse for society are actually smaller, people are replaced
What is friction cost approach?
- the period from age until s/he is replace
- sick or dead people will be replace by 'unemployed labour' aft a period of adaptation, 'friction period'
What is the cost-of-illness method ?
- Aims to provide insights into the annual cots diseases that tax payers would like to reduce
- Pros:
- to prioritise disease that should be prevented first
- Cons
- Favours the working group
- Does not provide any information on best intervention strategies as COI doe not measure benefits
What is health-adjust life years (HALY) calculation ?
- Measure the combined effect of morbidity and mortality
- Measure burden of lease by considering: age of disease/ death , duration and severity
- combines tow measures, DALY and QALY
What do know of disability weights ?
- Per disability
- Stake hold can be asked to determine stability weights
DALYs: discount and age-weighing
- Discounting: health today is valued right than heart in future
- GBD values people how are more productive higher, correction of age
What is Quality adjusted live years(QALY)? Looks at positive side
- Quantification of health benefits to an individual in terms of quantity and quality of live
- life expectancy * weight for quality of life
- A year in perfect health is assignet value 1
- Often used for estimating the economic value of interventions
Comparison: DALYs vs QALYs. Both and comparison?
- Are measures for disease burden
- Capture both morbidity and mortality
QALY
- Start from perfect health, measure health gain in Qol
- Usually used to compare various health treatments for a particular disease
DALY
- Starts from prevent situation, measure health loss in Qol
- Usually used to evaluate total health loss from a disease
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