Emulsions: Principles and preparation - Exercises
9 important questions on Emulsions: Principles and preparation - Exercises
How can a W/O/W double emulsion be made?
Then, for making the final W/O/W emulsion, we need a milder technique, otherwise the emulsion will be damaged. A rotor-stator homogeniser used at low speed could work, or (better) premix membrane emulsification.
The following figure A shows the particle size distribution in 3 protein-stabilised emulsions. Figure C shows the particle size distribution of the same emulsions after dilution (and vortex) in a concentrated solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). How would you explain the differences between Figures A and C?
In practice, the volume fractions and the composition in a phase diagram will not always be obtained. Why?
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How will the binodal shift upon heating?
- Heating leads to increased solubility --> curve will go up and to the right
- However, in the case of proteins, heating leads to denaturation and due to protein aggregation, protein solubility might decrease --> curve will go down and to the left
Why does the binodal shifts when the pH is decreased from pH 7 to pH 3 for whey proteins?
How will the binodal curve shift if the dextran is replaced by a dextran with a higher molecular weight?
Can you explain why the glass transition temperature was decreased as a result of the thermo mechanical treatment inside the extruder?
Why does a higher screw speed lead to a higher solubility?
Oil is dispersed in the continuous phase. Does oil contribute to the anisotropy of the final product?
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