Bones and bone structure - Bone is composed of matrix and several types of cells: osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, octeocytes, and osteoclasts

7 important questions on Bones and bone structure - Bone is composed of matrix and several types of cells: osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, octeocytes, and osteoclasts

Where is spongy bone found in long bones? Where is spongy bone found in flat bones?

Spongy bone in long bones is found in the epiphysis. In flat bones it is found in the diploë, which is in between the two layers of compact bone (cortex).

What are osteogenic cells?

Osteogenic cells (or osteoprogenitor) are the stem cells that divide to produce daughter cells that differentiate into osteoblasts.

What are the two major functions of osteocytes?

  • Osteocytes maintain the protein and mineral content of the surrounding matrix.
  • Osteocytes take part in the repair of damaged bone.
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What is the process called that osteoclasts are involved in?

Osteolysis

Which three types of bone cells are developmentally related and what is their progression from the earliest to the latest stage?

An osteogenic cell divides to produce osteoblasts. Osteoblasts become osteocytes when they are completely surrounded by bone matrix.

How would the compressive strength of a bone be affected if its ratio of collagen to hydroxyapatite increased?

If the ratio of collagen to hydroxyapatite in a bone increased, the bone would become less strong (as well as more flexible).


If the activity of osteoclasts exceeds the activity of osteoblasts in a bone, how will the mass of the bone be affected?

Because osteoclasts break down or demineralize bone, the bone would have a decreased mineral content (less mass); as a result, it would also be weaker.

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