The tissue level of organization - Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines internal surfaces, and serves other essential functions
21 important questions on The tissue level of organization - Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines internal surfaces, and serves other essential functions
What are the three specializations of epithelial cells?
- The movement of fluids over the epithelial surface, providing protection and lubrication.
- The movement of fluids through the epithelium, to control permeability.
- The production of secretions that provide physical protection or act as chemical messengers.
A specialized epithelial cell is often divided into two functional regions. What are these regions and what does it mean?
The two regions are the apical surface and the baso-lateral surfaces.
The apical surface is where the cell is exposed to an internal of external environment.
The baso-lateral surface includes both the base (basal surface), where the cell attaches to underlying epithelial cells or deeper tissues, and the sides (lateral surfaces), where the cell contacts its neighbors.
Where are microvilli especially abundant?
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What are motile cilia? What is their function?
Motile cilia are important because they 'beat' rhythmically to move fluids or secretions across the cell surface.
What are the three factors that help maintain the physical integrity of an epithelium?
- Intercellular connections
- Attachment to the basement membrane
- Epithelial maintenance and repair.
What are cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)?
What are cell junctions?
What are the three most common types of cell junctions?
- Gap junctions
- Tight junctions
- Desmosomes
What is a gap junction?
What is a tight junction?
What is the function of the adhesion belt in a tight junction?
What is a desmosome?
What are the two types of desmosomes?
- Spot desmosome
- Hemidesmosome
What is a spot desmosome?
What is a hemidesmosome?
What two layers does the basal membrane consist of?
Basal lamina is closest to the epithelium. It functions as a selective filter and it restricts the movement of proteins and other large molecules from the underlying connective tissue into the epithilium.
The reticular lamina is the deeper portion of the basement membrane. It consists mostly of reticular fibers and ground substance. This layer gives the basement membrane its strength. The reticular lamina also acts as a filter that determines what substances can diffuse between the adjacent tissues and the epithelium.
Identify four essential functions of epithelial cells.
- Physical protection
- Control permeability
- Provide sensation
- Produce specialized secretions
List five important characteristics of epithelial tissue.
- Polarity
- Cellularity
- Attachment
- Avascularity
- Regeneration
What is the probable function of an epithelium whose cells bear microvilli?
Identify the various types of epithelial cell junctions.
- Tight junctions
- Gap junction
- Spotdesmosomes
- Hemidesmosomes
What is the functional significance of gap junctions?
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