Blood - The process of blood clotting, or hemostasis, stops blood loss - The Coagulation phase
7 important questions on Blood - The process of blood clotting, or hemostasis, stops blood loss - The Coagulation phase
What occurs in the coagulation phase?
What are the clotting factors involved? (Procoagulants)
What pathways are involved in coagulation?
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What is the extrinsic pathway in coagulation??
- Factor III is released by endothelial cells.peripheral tissues (thromboplastin)
- It combines with Calcium ions and factor VII
- Formation of enzyme complex capable of activating factor X
What is in intrinsic pathway in coagulation?
- Activation of proenzymes (Factor XII) exposed to collagen fibers.
- PF-3, released by aggregating platelets, aids in the progress of this pathway consisting of several linked reactions.
- Activated VIII and IX combine to from an enzyme complex that can activate factor X
What is the relationship between the intrinsic and extrinsic pathway?
Therefore, one large positive feedback loop.
How is blood clotting restricted? (Anti-thrombotic factors)
- Anticoagulants (eg. Antithrombin-III); an enzyme that inhibits clotting factors including thrombin
- Heparin; released by basophils and mast cells accerlates activation of antithrombin-III
- Thrombomodulin; released by endothelial cells that converts thrombin into an enzyme that activates protein C (this inactivates clotting facotrs and stimulates plasmin formation; breaks down fibrin strands)
- Prostacyclin; inhibits platelet aggregation and opposes action of thrombin and ADP.
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