The tissue level of organization - Connective tissue proper includes loose connective tissues that fill internal spaces and dense connective tissues that contribute to the internal framework of the body

18 important questions on The tissue level of organization - Connective tissue proper includes loose connective tissues that fill internal spaces and dense connective tissues that contribute to the internal framework of the body

What are mesenchymal cells?

Mesenchymal cells are stem cells that are present in many connective tissues. These cells respond to local injury or infection by dividing to produce daughter cells that differentiate  into fibroblasts, macrophages, or other connective tissue cells.

What are macrophages? What are the two different forms?

Macrophages are large phagocytic cells scattered throughout the matrix. These scavengers engulf damaged cells or pathogens that enter the tissue.
Macrophages are either fixed macrophages, which spend long periods in a tissue, or free macrophages, which migrate rapidly through tissues.

What are mast cells?

Mast cells circulate in the blood in an immature form before they migrate to other vascularized tissues (tissues with blood vessels) and undergo final maturation. The cytoplasm of a mast cell is filled with granules containing histamine and heparin.
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What are collagen fibers?

Collagen fibers are long, straight, and unbranched. Each collagen fiber consists of a bundle of fibrous protein subunits wound together like the strands of a rope.

What are the four types of collagen fibers (that you have to know)? And where are they located?

  • Type I: in tendons, and bone
  • Type II: thin fibers in cartilage
  • Type III: thin fibers in reticular connective tissue
  • Type IV: basal lamina

What are reticular fibers?

Reticular fibers are thinner than collagen fibers, reticular fibers form a branching, interwoven framework that is tough, yet flexible.

What are elastic fibers?

Elastic fibers contain the protein elastin. Elastic fibers are branched and wavy. After stretching they return to their original length.

What is ground substance in connective tissue proper?

Ground substance fills the spaces between cells and surrounds connective tissue fibers. It is clear, colorless, and viscous.

What is mucuous connective tissue?

Mucuous connective tissue is a loose connective tissue found in many parts of the embryo.

What is areolar tissue?

Areolar tissue is the least specialized connective tissue in adults. It has an open framework. A viscous ground substance provides most of its volume and absorbs shocks. The areolar tissue layer has an extensive blood supply.

What is adipose tissue?

Adipose tissue are fat cells.

What is reticular tissue?

Reticular tissue consists of reticular fibers that form a complex three-dimensional stroma.

What is dense regular connective tissue?

In dense regular connective tissue, the collagen fibers are parallel to each other, packed tightly, and aligned with the forces applied to the tissue.

What is a tendon?

Tendons are cords of dense regular connective tissue that attach skeletal muscles to bones.

What is dense irregular connective tissue?

Dense irregular connective tissue forms an interwoven meshwork in no consistent pattern. These tissues support and strengthen areas subjected to stresses from many directions.

Identify the cells found in connective tissue proper.

Cells found in connective tissue proper are adipocytes, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, melanocytes, mesenchymal cells, and microphages.

Lack of vitamin C in the diet interferes with the ability of fibroblasts to produce collagen. What effect might this interference have on connective tissue?

The reduced collagen production resulting from a lack of vitamin C in the diet would cause connective tissue to be weak and prone to damage.

Many allergy sufferers take antihistamines to relieve their allergy symptoms. Which cells produce the substance that this medication block?

This medication block histamines, this is produced by mast cells and basophils.

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