L.L. Musculature: Functional Groups
48 important questions on L.L. Musculature: Functional Groups
Origin and insertion M. piriformis?
- Origin: Facies pelvina of the Os sacrum.
- Insertion: Apex of the trochanter major.
Function M. piriformis?
- External rotation, abduction, extension hip joint.
- stabilizes the hip joint
Origin and Insertion M. obturatorius internus?
- Origin: inner surface of the membrana obturatoria and its bony boudaries.
- Insertion: Facies medialis of the trochanter major
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Function M. obturatorius internus?
- External rot. adduction, extension hip. (can be active in abduction)
Origin ans insertion Mm. gemelli?
- origin: M. gemellus superior: Spina ischiadica of the Os ischii.
- Origin: M. gemellus inferior: Tuber ischiadicum of the Os ischii.
- Insertion: Joints with M. obturatorios internus tendon in the Facies medialis, trochanter major
Origin and insertion of the M. quadratus femoris?
- Origin: Lateral border of the tuber ischiadicum of os ischii.
- insertion: Crista intertrochanterica of the femur
Origin and insertion M. obturatorius externus?
- Origin: Outer surface of the membrana obturatoria and its bony boudaries
- Insertion: Fossa trochanterica of the femur.
Origin and insertion of M. pectineus?
- Origin: pecten ossis pubis
- Insertion: Linea pectinea and the proximal linea aspera of the femur.
Function M. pectineus?
- adduction, external rotation, slight flexion of the hip.
- stabilizes the pelvis in the coronal and sagittal plane.
Origin and insertion M. adductor longus?
- Origin: R. superior of Os pubis and anterior side of the symphysis.
- Insertion: Linea aspera: Labium mediale in the upper third of the femur.
Function M. adductor longus?
- Adduction, flexion(70 degrees), extends the hip past (80 degrees of flexion)
- stabilizes the hip n coronal and sagittal planes.
Function of M. adductor brevis?
- Adductor, flexion (70degrees), extends hip past 80 degrees of flexion.
- Stabilizer the pelvis in the coronal and sagittal planes.
Origin and insertion M. adductor magnus?
- Origin: R. inferior Os pubis, R. ossis ischii and tuber ischiadicum.
- insertion: Deep part labium mediale of linea aspera
- Superficial part(tendinous insertion) Epicondyles medialis of the femur
Function M. adductor magnus?
- Adduction, external rotation, extension of the hip(tendinous insertion also active in internal rotation).
- Stabilizes the pelvis in the coronal and sagittal plane.
Origin and insertion M. gracilis?
- Origin: R. inferior of Os pubis below the symphysis.
- Insertion: Medial border of the tuberositas tibea.
Function M. gracilis?
- Hip joint: adduction and flexion.
- Knee joint: flexion and internal rotation.
Origin and insertion M. sartorius?
- Origin: Spina iliaca anterior superior(asis).
- Insertion: Medial to the tuberositas tibiea.
Function M. sartorius?
- Hip joint: Flexion, abduction, external rotation.
- Knee joint: flexion and internal rotation
Origin and insertion M. rectus femoris?
- Origin: Spina iliaca anterior inferior(aiis), acetabular roof of the hip joint
- Insertion: tuberositas tibea via the lig. patelea
Origin and insertion M. vastus medialis?
- Origin: Labium mediale of the linea aspera, distal pat of linea intertrochanterica.
- Insertion: Tuberositas tibiea on the condyles medialis via the Retinaculum patelae mediale.
Origin and insertion M. vastus lateralis?
- Origin: Labium laterale of the Linea aspera, lateral surface of trochanter major.
- Insertion: Tuberositas tibiea on the condyles lateralis via the Reticulum patelea lateralis.
Origin and insertion M. vastus intermedius?
- Origin: anterior side of the femoral shaft.
- Insertion: Tuberositas tibiea via lig. patellae
Origin and insertion M. articularis genus?
- Origin: Anterior side of the femoral shaft at the level of Recessus suprapatellaris.
- Insertion: The Recessus suprapatellaris of the knee joint capsule.
Function M. articularis genus(distal fibers of the M. vastus intermedius)?
- knee extension
- preventing entrapment of the knee capsule
Origin and insertion M. biceps femoris?
- Origin: Caput longum: Tuber ischiadicum, Lig sacrotuberale
Caput breve: labium laterale of the linea aspera in the middle third of the femur. - Insertion: caput fibulea
Function M. biceps femoris?
- Hip joint: (caput longum) extension, stabilizes pelvis in saggital plane
- Knee joint: flexion and external rotation.
Function M. semimembranosus?
- Hip joint: extension, stabilizes the pelvis in the sagittal plane.
- Knee joint: flexion and internal rotation
Origin and insertion M. semimtendinosus?
- Origin: tuber ischiadicum and lig. sacrotuberale
- Insertion: Medial to the tuberositas tibiea in the Pes anserinus.
Function M. semimtendinosus?
- Hip joint: extension, stabilizes pelvis in sagittal plane.
- Knee joint: flexion and internal rotation
Origin and insertion M. popliteus?
- Origin: Condylus femoralis lateralis, posterior horn of the lateral meniscus.
- Insertion: Facies posterior tibiae.
Function M. popliteus?
- Flexion and internal rotation knee
- stabilizes the knee
Origin and insertion M. Tibialis anterior?
- Origin: upper two thirds of the Facies lateralis tibea, the Membrana interossea cruris, and the highest part of the Fascia cruris superficialis.
- Insertion: Medial and plantar surface of the Os cuneiforme mediale, medial base of the Os metatarsi 1.
Origin and insertion M. extensor digitorum longus?
- Origin: Condylus lateralis tibiae, caput fibulae, Margo anterior fibulae, Membrana interoosea cruris.
- Insertion: Four slips to the dorsal aponeuroses of the second through fifth toes, the bases of the phalanges distales of the second through fifth toes.
Origin and insertion M. extensor hallucis longus?
- Origin: middle third of the Facies medialis fibulea, membrana interossa cruris.
- Insertion: Dorsal aponeurosis of the big toe and the base of its distal phalanx.
Function M. extensor hallucis longus?
- Talocrural joint: dorsiflexion
- Subtalar joint: active in both eversionand inversion depending on the intial position of the foot.
- Extends the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joint of the big toe
Origin and insertion M. fibularis longus?
- Origin: Caput fibulae, proximal two-thirds of the Facies lateralis fibulea, partly from Septa intermuscularia.
- Insertion: Plantar side of Os cuneiforme mediale, base of Os metatarsi1
Function M. fibularis longus?
- Talocrural joint: Plantar flexion
- Subtalar joint: eversion (pronation)
- Supports the transverse arch of the foot
Origin ans insertion M. fibularis brevis?
- Origin: distal half of the facies lateralis fibulae, septa intermuscularia
- Insertion: Tuberositas ossis metatarsi 5. occasional division to the dorsal aponeurosis of the fifth toe.
Origin and insertion M. fibularis tertius(part of M. extensor digitorum longus)?
- Origin: Margo anterior of the distal fibula
- Insertion: base of the Os metatarsi 5
Origin and insertion M. soleus?
- Origin: posterior surface of the caput and collum fibulae; attached to the linea musculi solei of the tibia via an arcus tendineus.
- Insertion: tuber calcanei via the achilles tendon(tendon calcaneus)
Function M. gastrocnemius?
- Talocrural joint: plantar flexion
- subtalar joint: inversion (supination)
- Knee joint: flexion
Origin and insertion M. plantaris?
- Origin: proximal to the Caput laterale of M. gastrocnemius
- Insertion: Tuber calcanei via the achilles tendon
Function M. plantaris?
- prevent compression of the posterior leg musculature during knee flexion.
Origin and insertion M. tibialis posterior?
- Origin: Membrana interossa cruris, the adjecent borders of tibia and fibula
- Insertion: Tuberositas ossis navicularis, Ossa cuneiformia meidale, intermedium, lateral bases of Ossa metatarsi 2-4
Function M. tibialis posterior?
- Talocrural joint: plantar flexion
- subtalar joint: inversion(supination)
- support the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot.
Origin and insertion M. flexor digitorum longus?
- Origin: Middle third of the facies posterior of the tibia
- Insertion: Bases of the 2-5 distal phanges
Origin and insertion M. Flexor hallucis longus?
- Origin: distal two-third of facies posterior fibulae, adjecent membrana interossa crusis
- Insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the big toe
Function M. flexor hallucis longus?
- talocrural joint: plantar flexion
- Subtalar joint: inversion(supination)
- Metatarselophalangeal and interphalangeal joint of big toe: plantar flexion
- Supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.
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