Molecular structure of chromosomes and transposable elements - Transposition
18 important questions on Molecular structure of chromosomes and transposable elements - Transposition
Who was the first to identify transposable elements?
What termed McClintock a mutable site?
How are transposable elements that move via simple transposition, called?
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How is the form of transposition called, where TEs move via an RNA intermediate?
What are all the TEs flanked by?
Which type of transposons are evolutionarily related to retroviruses?
Where does the name 'LTR retrotransposons' come from?
How are complete TEs called, and how are incomplete TEs called?
- Incomplete: nonautonomous elements.
What does a nonautonomous element need to transpose?
How does transposition occur (steps)?
- The monomers dimerize, which brings the repeats close together;
- The DNA is cleaved between the inverted and direct repeats;
- The transposase monomers cleaves the target DNA and inserts the TE.
How does retrostransposition of an LTR retrotransposon occur?
- Reverse transcriptase uses this RNA as a template to synthesize a double-stranded DNA molecule;
- The LTRs at the end of the double-stranded DNA are recognized by integrase;
- Integrase catalyzes the insertion of the DNA into target chromosomal DNA.
How is the currently accepted model for the replication and integration of non-LTR retrotransposons called?
How are some moderately and high repetitive sequences formed?
What are LINEs and SINEs?
What is a theory for the significance of TEs in the evolution of different species?
What is exon shuffling?
Why is transposition relatively rare?
- Organisms have mechanisms that decrease the movement of TEs.
What is hybrid dysgenesis?
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