The German occupation of the Netherlands
5 important questions on The German occupation of the Netherlands
Explain in a few words how the German invasion went
Explain how the Dutch Nazification went.
- Dutch were seen as 'master race'
- Hoped propaganda would be sufficient
- Not many new members -> keep jobs and maintain businesses
- Drastic measures -> Chamber of Culture, one radio station, government position (NSB), totalitarian state and German factories
Explain the persecution of the Dutch Jews
- Germans started to isolate Jews, first step -> Ariërverklaring, special jewish schools and banned from public places and wear the yellow patch. Final step -> work programme -> transit camp and extermination camps. Razzias, searched Jews.
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How did some of the Dutch people resist?
- Passive resistance -> 'Radio Oranje' and hiding to avoid work.
- Active resistance -> sabotaged German plans, helped to hide Jews and Allied spies, falsified identities and spread illegal newspapers.
- One large-scale strike -> labourers protested against deportation and treatment of Dutch Jews -> February Strike.
What is Liberation Day and why were the Germans surrendered?
- A day celebrated on the 5th of May on which German soldiers in West Netherlands surrendered without fighting.
- The Germans surrendered without fighting because Allied forces advanced from the D-Day and liberated areas occupied by Germany and the 'Hongerwinter' was very harsh for the soldiers as there was a shortage of men, provisions, electricity and public transport.
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