Theorie'en
18 important questions on Theorie'en
What is the Humoral theory by Hippocrates
What did the pattern of arousal by marianne frankhauser say?
Distress without effort is most damaging
Distress with effort is challenging, but not damaging
Effort without distress least damaging
What are the main three types of conflict available?
- Approach-Approach
- Avoidance-Avoidance
- Approach-Avoidance
In approach-approach the choice is between two situations both desirable but not compatible. In avoidance-avoidance the choice is between two undesirable options and in approach-avoidance one option is more attractive than the other.
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What does the buffering hypothesis say about stress?
When people encounter a stressor, such as major financial crisis, those who have high levels of social support may be less likely to appraise the situation as stressful. They may expect someone they know will help them.
Social support may also modify people's response to a stressor after the initial appraisal, people with high social support may have someone provide a solution or change their mental attitude.
What is the direct effects hypothesis on stress?
E.g. People with high levels of social support may have strong feelings of belongingness and self esteem which produces a positive outlook beneficial to health independantly of stress.
How can Personality traits differentiate in health/illness by Salvatore, and what are the three characteristics of hardiness??
Control - Control refers to people's belief that they can influence events in their lives. They have a sense of personal control or inner locus.
Commitment - People sense of purpose or involvement in the events, activities and with the people in their life.
Challenge - refers to the tendency to view changes as incentives or opportunities for growth rather than threats to security.
What are the three examples of personality concepts similar to hardiness?
Optimism - Optimism is the view that good things are likely to happen. Optimist tend to experience life's difficulties with less distress and tend to have better health habits
Resilience - Resilience refers to high levels of interrelated positive components of personality; self-esteem, perosnal control and optimism.
What are the three assesments in the Theory of Planned Behaviour?
The subjective norm: The impact of the social influence and what is seen as socially acceptable. Based on meanings and motivation to adjust to those.
Experienced behavioural control: Their expectancy of succeeded (like the own efficicy)
What does the Set point theory say?
Controlled by the hypothalamus like the food-o-stat in the arcuate nucleus but then slightly different
When does Ghreline get secreted and what does Leptine do?
Leptin regulates circuits in the hypothalamus that stimulate and inhibits appetite.
What is Melzacks Gate control theory of pain?
The theory proposes that the gating mechanism is in the spinal cord, in the substantie gelatinosa of the dorsal horns.
What are the three factors involved in the Melzaks Gate control theory of pain?
The amount of activity in other fibers - (counter irritation)
Messages that descent from the brain - (anxiety, excitement)
What is the specificity theory of pain (early pain melzack)
What are the four types of pain behaviours that can be classified?
- Faciel or audible expression of distress; moaning, grimacing
- Distorted ambulation or posture; moving in a weird way, rubbing painful area
- Negative effect; being irritatible
- Avoidance of activity; lying down frequently, staying home from work
What is the Crisistheory of Moos
It shows that how someone deals with the crisis depends on the coping process which depends on three factors;
illness related factors
background and personal factors
physical and social environmental factors
What is the three parts of the coping process in Moos Crisis theory
What are the three parts of Bandura's social cognitive theory?
1. Consequences of the events in the environment, without having behaviour change taking place (situation-outcome-expectancy)
2. Expectancy of consequenties of personal actions or behaviour changes (action-outcome-expectancy)
3. Expectancy of success (self efficicy)
What is central in Bandura's social cognitive theory and how does it work?
The person can change under influence of the environment, or they can change the environment. Bandura calls this the reciprocal determinism
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