Alliances and Acquisitions

5 important questions on Alliances and Acquisitions

Articulate how institutions influence alliances and acquisitions

Formal institutions affect alliances and acquisitions trough:
  • Antitrust concerns
  • Entre mode requirements: Ban acquisition, forced alliance
Informal institutions: 
  • Imitation: Lots of alliances -> Dont want to be left out -> more alliances
  • Internalized believes

Articulate how resources influence alliances and acquisitions

VRIO Alliances:

  • Value: Alliances lead to learning from each other. Real options: An investment in real operations as opposed to financial capital.
  • Rarity: Relational capabilities are rare.
  • Imitability: Firm level: Learning race and alliance level
  • Organization
VRIO Acquisitions:

  • Value: Shareholders of acquired firms experience a stock increase of on average 24%, due to the acquisition premium(difference between market value and price bought)
  • Rarity
  • Imitability
  • Organization: Strategic fit: Matching of complementary strategic capabilities between firms. Organizational fit: Similarity in cultures, systems and structures.

Desribe how alliances are formed

Stage one:
  • Decide if growth can be achieved through: Market transactions, acquisitions, or through cooperative alliances.
Stage two:
  • Contractual or Equity?
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Understand how alliances perform

  1. Equity: Greater equity stake = Higher commitment = Better performance
  2. Learning and Expertise
  3. Nationality:
  4. Relational Capabilities

Why do acquisitions fail?

Pre-acquisition:
  1. Overestimate ability to create value
  2. Inadequate pre-acquisition screening
  3. Poor strategic fit
  • Lack of familiarity with foreign cultures
  • Nationalistic concerns against foreign takeovers

Post-Acquisition:
  1. Poor organizational fit
  2. Failure to adress multiple stakeholder groups
  • Clashes of organizational cultures
  • Nationalistic concerns against foreign takeovers

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