Internationale Organisatie VN - Internationale organisatie - Development: Competing visions

4 important questions on Internationale Organisatie VN - Internationale organisatie - Development: Competing visions

What are six general themes of the alternative view of poverty and development?

  • An emphasis on opportunity freedom and empowerment (non-materialistic needs)
  • Self-reliance rather than reliance on states, donors or international bodies
  • Ecological balance, sustainability and conservation of 'global commons' (water, land, air, forrest)
  • Praising cultural diversity and stimulating social and cultural inclusion
  • Increased local control through community action and democratic participation
  • The view that poverty has a structural character, originating from disparities in the global trading system

What caused a recent increase in criticism on the pro-market and pro-growth view of development?

The argument that the exposure of countries to economic reforms adapting to the international trading system may be counter-productive, causing economic and social dsslocation rather than growth

To what is the reduction or eradication of poverty clearly linked?

The ability to stimulate economic growth. (Calculated on the basis of GDP)
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What are Rostow's outlined five stages of economic growth?

  • Traditional societies (rudimentary technology & pre-scientific values)
  • Preconditions for take-off (societies exhibit a degree of capital mobilisation)
  • Take-off (Economic growth is established)
  • Drive to maturity (Economic diversification + Rising living standards)
  • High mass consumption (Consumer good production oriented economy)

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