The Network Layer - Routing - Interior gateway protocols

8 important questions on The Network Layer - Routing - Interior gateway protocols

What are routing protocol?

Routing protocols are special protocols routers use to communicate with each other in order to share what information they might have. This is how routers learn which path is the quickest.

Which two categories do routing protocols fall into?

1. Interior gateway protocols
2. Exterior gateway protocols

In networking, what is an autonomous system?

An autonomous system is a collection of networks that are all managed, controlled and supervised by a single entity, network operator or organization.
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How does a distance-vector protocol work?

The router uses a routing table (which is a list of every network and how far the networks are) and sends the routing table to every neighbouring router (every router directly connected to it). They don't have a lot of information about the total state of an autonomous system, they just have some information about their immediate neighbours.

Why is a distance-vector protocol called the way it's called?

Because, in computer science, a list is known as a vector. This is why a protocol that just sends a list of distances to networks is known as a distance-vector protocol.

What are the limitations of a distance-vector protocol?

Distance-vector protocols are pretty simple, but they don't allow for a router to have much information about the state of the world outside of their own direct neighbors. Because of this, a router might be slow to react to a change in the network far away from it. This is why link-state protocols were invented.

Why does the link-state protocl require more memory and processing power?

This is because it has to run algorithms against this data in order to determine the quickest path to update the routing tables. As computer hardware has become more powerful and cheaper over the years, link state protocols have mostly made distance vector protocols outdated.

What is one difference between the distance-vector protocol and the link-state protocol?

Rather than continuously broadcast its routing tables as does a distance vector protocol, a link state protocol router only notifies its neighboring routers when it detects a change

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