Summary: Gray's Anatomy
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1 Gray's Anatomy
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Regional approach vs systemic approach
each region seperately vs. each system seperately -
axial vs appendicular skeleton
axial: cranium, vertebrae, ribs, sternum
appendicular: bot & kraakbeen -
cartilage in heavy/light areas
heavy: high collagen
light stress: high elastic fibers, fewer collagen -
Vasomotor nerves (bone)
the nerves regulating blood flow that enter internal cavity -
Two Ways of Bone Development
1. Intramembranous ossification: mesenchymal models of bone --> ossification
2. Endochrondral ossification: cartilaginous models of bone form from mesenchyme & undergo ossification -
Skeletal maturity & measured by..
- between 20-25 years
- measured by: ultrasound, plain radiographs, mri scanning -
Types of bone marrow
1. red marrow: myeloid tissue = RBC's, platelets, WBC's
2. yellow marrow = few WBCs, mainly fat globules
@birth: mostly red --> converted to yellow within medulla of long/flat bones -
Two Cell Types in Marrow
1. hemopoietic sc's: WBCs, RBCs, platelets
2. mesenchymal sc's: structures for bone, cartilage, muscle -
Transplant (e.g. leukemia)
harvesting nonmalignant cells from another person's bone marrow -
Other parts of Synovial Joints
1. articular disks (fibrocartilage): absorb compress, adjust to movements and increase range of movement
2. fat pads: between membrane and capsule, and move as joint contours change during movement
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