Gray's Anatomy
7 important questions on Gray's Anatomy
Types of Fibrous Joints
2. Gomphoses
3. Syndesmoses
Types of Cartilaginous (Solid) Joints
2. symphyses
Degenerative Bone Disease
- cartilage wears -> underlying bone becomes fissured & thickens
- synovial fluid forced into small cracks -> forming cysts
- osteophytes form -> reactive juxtra-articular bony nodules, alter biomechanical forces, abnormal stresses
- can occur as 2nd to other joint diseases e.g arthritis
Treatment: weight decrease, exercise, anti-inflammatory drugs, joint replacement
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Superficial Subcutaneous Fascia (characteristics)
- made of loose connective tissue & lots of fat
- allows movement of skin over deeper areas
- acts as conduit for vessels/nervers to/from skin
- serves as fat (energy) reservoir
Inward Extensions of Deep Fascia
2. investing fascia = surround individual muscles/groups nerves/vessels
3. retinacula = thickening deep fascia near joints, holds tendons in place
4. extraperitoneal fascia = covers deep surface muscles of ab. wall
5. endothoracic fascia = thorax
Skeletal muscles are named by:
2. attachments
3. function
4. position
5. fiber orientation
Muscle Injuries & Strains
tear: from small interstitial injury --> complete muscle disruption
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