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Concept of Balance

Q: By what routes can the plasma and the external environment exchange materials?

The plasma can: Gain or lose materials by exchange with cells or with extracellular connective tissue . Gain or lose materials by exchange with the lumen of the GI tract . Gain or lose materials by exchange with the lumen of the renal tubules . Lose materials through sweating , bleeding or respiration .

Q: What is the net outcome of transportation of materials through the GI tract walls and the renal tubules?

GI tract : Outcome is a net gain of solutes and water by the body. Renal tubules : Outcome is a net loss of water and solutes by the body.

Q: Explain positive and negative balance.

Positive balance : When a substance enters the body faster than it exists . Quantity of the substance will increase , unless it is metabolized. Negative balance : When a substance leaves the body faster than it enters . Quantity of the substance will decrease .

Q: How many L of plasma does the kidney filter every day? How much of this is reabsorbed?

180L 70% is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule without any regulation.

Q: What 2 types of cells line the distal tubule and collecting duct?

Principal cells - water and electrolyte balance is regulated through hormonal actions on principal cells. Intercalated cells - acid-base balance is regulated through processes occurring within the intercalated disks.

5 important questions on Concept of Balance

By what routes can the plasma and the external environment exchange materials?

The plasma can:

Gain or lose materials by exchange with cells or with extracellular connective tissue.
Gain or lose materials by exchange with the lumen of the GI tract.
Gain or lose materials by exchange with the lumen of the renal tubules.
Lose materials through sweating, bleeding or respiration.

What is the net outcome of transportation of materials through the GI tract walls and the renal tubules?

GI tract: Outcome is a net gain of solutes and water by the body.
Renal tubules: Outcome is a net loss of water and solutes by the body.

Explain positive and negative balance.

Positive balance: When a substance enters the body faster than it exists. Quantity of the substance will increase, unless it is metabolized.
Negative balance: When a substance leaves the body faster than it enters. Quantity of the substance will decrease.

How many L of plasma does the kidney filter every day? How much of this is reabsorbed?

180L
70% is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule without any regulation.

What 2 types of cells line the distal tubule and collecting duct?

Principal cells - water and electrolyte balance is regulated through hormonal actions on principal cells.
Intercalated cells - acid-base balance is regulated through processes occurring within the intercalated disks.