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Basic Renal Exchange Processes

Q: Where does the reabsorption of most solutes take place?

In the proximal and distal convoluted tubules .

Q: What do solutes have to pass when it is absorbed?

3 barriers , namely the tubule epithelium , the capillary endothelium and the basement membrane. Capillaries are a barrier only to movement of macromolecules such as proteins , and cells .

Q: Explain the difference between active solute reabsorption, water reabsorption and passive solute reabsorption.

Active solute reabsorption . Requires energy . Carrier proteins can be either on the apical or on the basolateral membrane, same with the active transporters . Water reabsorption . Based on differences in osmolarity . Water can diffuse across both membranes down its concentration gradient. Follows the active reabsorption of solutes. Passive reabsorption . Passive diffusion though membranes down its concentration gradient costs no energy . Follows water reabsorption .

Q: What is the transport maximum (Tm)?

When solute concentration is high enough, all carrier proteins and pumps are occupied and the system is operating at its transport maximum .

Q: What substances are actively secreted by the renal tubules?

Ions (e.g K+, and H+), waste products (e.g. choline and creatinine) and foreign substances .

5 important questions on Basic Renal Exchange Processes

Where does the reabsorption of most solutes take place?

In the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

What do solutes have to pass when it is absorbed?

3 barriers, namely the tubule epithelium, the capillary endothelium and the basement membrane. Capillaries are a barrier only to movement of macromolecules such as proteins, and cells.

Explain the difference between active solute reabsorption, water reabsorption and passive solute reabsorption.

Active solute reabsorption. Requires energy. Carrier proteins can be either on the apical or on the basolateral membrane, same with the active transporters.
Water reabsorption. Based on differences in osmolarity. Water can diffuse across both membranes down its concentration gradient. Follows the active reabsorption of solutes.
Passive reabsorption. Passive diffusion though membranes down its concentration gradient costs no energy. Follows water reabsorption.

What is the transport maximum (Tm)?

When solute concentration is high enough, all carrier proteins and pumps are occupied and the system is operating at its transport maximum.

What substances are actively secreted by the renal tubules?

Ions (e.g K+, and H+), waste products (e.g. choline and creatinine) and foreign substances.

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H22 - Nier en zuur-base balans

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Basic Renal Exchange Processes

5 important questions on Basic Renal Exchange Processes

Where does the reabsorption of most solutes take place?

What do solutes have to pass when it is absorbed?

Explain the difference between active solute reabsorption, water reabsorption and passive solute reabsorption.

What is the transport maximum (Tm)?

What substances are actively secreted by the renal tubules?

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