Health system I
9 important questions on Health system I
Which type of health care system do we prefer? (5)
- with ability to learn from their environment
- able to apply new knowledge
- accountable and transparent
- be sustainable
What is a health policy?
Which 4 factors of a country do health care systems result from?
- politics
- economy
- national values
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What are the underlying health care models? (3)
- Beveridge model or national health system
- Neoliberal model
What are 7 factors of the Bismarkian model?
- based on social contributions, employment, corporatism
- supervision and control of the state
- some principles of (private) insurance
- mixed provision (private)
- countries: France, Germany, Austria, BeNeLux, Japan
- national health insurance (Canada, South Korea, Taiwan)
What are 8 factors of the Beveridge model?
- the state as a redistributor
- universal access
- largely financed through taxes
- rationing and worried on sustainability
- decentralization
- intervention state both on funding and provision
- countries: UK, Portugal, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Spain, Italy
What are 10 factors of the neoliberal model?
- health is regarded as a commodity
- the state makes a minor contribution to health care
- regulation merely provides conditions for professional practice
- federal programs (disadvantaged and/or marginal groups)
- high scientific and medical research level
- pluralism and professional dominance
- high cost to society
- inadequate coverage, inequity and discrimination
- countries: USA, Singapore
What are 5 common challenges faced in the health care systems?
- increased expenditures
- redefinition of services
- special groups (excluded, migrants)
- incorporating technology
- rationing expensive procedures
- rising costs (overuse, medicalization)
What are the 3 universal laws of healthcare systems?
- no matter how much money is spent on healthcare ,the doctors and hospitals will argue that it is not enough
- the last reform always failed
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