Policies corrections of inequalities
11 important questions on Policies corrections of inequalities
What are the concepts and principles for tackling social inequities in health? (6)
- reduction of inequalities between privileged and less privileged groups, improving health of more disadvantaged groups at a faster rate
- universal proportionalism vs inverse care law
- consider social determinants of health inequalities and not just the determinants of health
- interventions must be multisectoral
- constantly assess health inequalities and interventions to correct them
What are the structural determinants of health? (4)
- social policies to sustain the welfare state: provision of universal public education, health care or dependency
- macroeconomic policies: decrease income inequality, progressive taxation, minimum pensions to combat poverty
- labor market policies: improving the rate and conditions of employment, regulation of wages, working hours and temporary work
Intermediate determinants of health?
- policies aimed at improving behavioral factors: lifestyles are not individual choices but are socially conditioned (rising prices of tabacco and alcohol beverages, building public sport facilities, control prices of healthy food, taxes on sugar)
- health system policies: quality and equitable health services, interventions to reduce poverty caused by the payment of health services, copayments)
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What is proportionate universalism?
In what ways will actions taken to reduce health inequalities benefit society? (4)
- reducing losses from illness
- less productivity losses
- less reduced tax revenue
- reduction of high welfare payments and treatment costs
What is required for the making and delivering of adequate policies? (who should be involved)
- the National health system
- the third and private sectors and community groups
What is needed for effective local delivery of policies?
- empowering individuals and local communities
Reducing health inequalities will require action on six policy objectives, which?
- enable all children, young people and adults to maximise their capabilities and have control over their lives
- create fair employment and good work for all
- ensure a healthy standard of living for all
- create and develop healthy and sustainable places and communities
- strengthen the role and impact of ill-health prevention
What is lacking in the implementation of policies to reduce health inequality? (5)
- lack of knowledge: evidence of the existence of inequalities and policies to address them
- insufficient public funds: not possible to establish policies without resources for them, and often political statements are not accompanied by the necessary resources to carry them out
- lack of coordination and capacity to carry out multi-sector projects
- belief that policies to improve health and reduce social inequalities in health are exclusive responsibility of the public health sector
What is universal proportionalism?
What is inverse care law?
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