The dark ages

37 important questions on The dark ages

What are characteristics of agriculture society?

1.autarky (self support)

2. everybody is working argriculture exept for the clergy and the nobility

3. very little craftsmen and traders

Which farmers do you have at the begin of the middle ages?

The yeomen

the serf/villeins

What does christianity have from Judaism?

It has
monotheism
same god + scriptures
Jesus -> preached
simplified version of Judaism
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Why are the yeomen in the 8th century bound themself to the lord?

it was a dangerous world and people looked for protection. They found this by the lord.

What does Christianity have from the Romans?

It has the
Latin language
writing system
art & architecture
spreading of the faith

The manorial system is a system from give and take. What did the noblemen and what did the serfs/villeins give?

noblement: use of land+protection

serfs/villeins: part of harvest, tax services ( land, domestic, military)

When did Christianity become a legal religion?

It became a legal religion in 313 AD.

What are serf/ villeins?

-half-slaves; had to work hard for the local noblemen and could not move away.

When did Christianity become a official faith?

It became a official faith in 380 AD.

When did Churches and monasteries pop up all over europe?

After 380 AD.

Domains where autarkic, what means that?

The were self-suppoertive and made everything themselves

For who did the villeins need to produce?

for the family

the lord

the tithe

What happened after the end of the Roman Empire?

The barbonic tribes turned western Europe into a chaos -> The dark ages.

What happened to the church after the end of the Roman Empire?

The church became the center of culture and education. It remained very important throughout the Middle Ages.

In which three parts is the middle ages society divided?

1. clergy

2. nobility

3. commoners

Who spread the Christian faith over Europe?

The  missionaries.

How did they make spreading the Christian faith easier?

They incorporated many pagan ideas/traditions into Christianity.

When did the western Roman Empire fall apart?

It fell apart in the 5th century.

Why did the pope crown charlemagne in 800 to emperor of the holy roman Empire?

because of his great power and the spread of christianity.

What was the effect of his succes?

there was a sense of unity

piece and stability

Why was charlemagne so powerfull?

1. because of the feudal system

2. he introduced a system of law bases upon Roman law

3. he also introduced a single currency

4. christianity became state religion

What happened in the year 800?

The Frankish king Charlemagne becomes emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

What were the advantages for the lord?

-land governed-soldiers in times of war

How did the feudal system work?

The king/ emperor gave land + feudal rights to the noblemen.
The noblemen gave oath of loyalty millaty help knight etc. Vassal laws and order to the king emperor.

What are feudal rights?

When you have feudal rights you can claim taxes and those things.

How did charlemange rule his empire without...

Legions

roads/ means of communications

laws

Charlemagne used a system for this called Feudalism.

How did the manorial system work?

The nobleman gave use of land + protection to the serfs and villeins
The serfs and villeins gave a part of their harvest and they payed taxes to the nobleman.

How many diffrent kinds of farmers were there in the dark ages
?

1. the serfs/villeins
2. the yeomen

What kind of farmers were the yeomen?

They were farmers that owned their land themselves, they had a mucher higher status that the serfs/villeins.

What happened with the 7th century?

Frankish warlords conquer large parts of western Europe

What happened in the 5th century?

the western Roman empire falls apart. Local warlords take over.

What is the dutch name for the serfs/ villeins?

horige boeren

How exist the new elite: the nobility?

The roman emperor falls -> local warlords take over -> church and farmers seek help from armed 'protectors' -> the best fighters become the new elite

When did the dark ages end?

They ended Ca. 1000 AD.

What happened after the end of the dark ages?

There was more peace + prosperity.

What are the diffrences between the 1st and 2nd estate and the 3rd estate?

the first and the second had privileges, which meant that they could do things that others couldn't. They for example didn't have to pay taxes. It was very difficult to go from one estae to another.

How did towns often start?

they often started as market places .

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