Summary: History, H. 6
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Read the summary and the most important questions on History, H. 6
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6 Late Middle Ages
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6.1.2 Kings want to increase their power
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How could kings prevent their countries from falling apart?
Bishops were not allowed to have children. Some kings therefore decided to turn bishops into their vassals. They even started to appoint bishops they could trust without asking the pope for permission. -
6.1.3 Organization of the Church
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The appointment of a bishop by a pope is called ........ ?
investiture -
Why does a bishop could not be appointed without the permission of the pope?
He was chosen by the people and priests of his diocese and then appointed by the pope. -
6.1.4 The Investiture Controversy
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Who wanted to make sure all bishops were appointed by him alone?
Pope Gregory VII (r. 1073-1085) -
Why did Church reformers did not like that bishops became very rich?
They believed that bishops should only concentrate on spiritual matters. Bishops should not live in wealth and hold secular powers. -
6.1.5 Gregory VII versus Henry IV
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What did Pope Gregory before he forgave Henry?
To humiliate him, the Pope made Henry beg at the castle gates for three days, barefoot and only wearing a cloth, before he finally forgave him. -
In a papal bull, a formal letter issued by the pope, he claimed ..... ?
This.. -
6.1.6 The struggle is ended
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Who ended the power struggle?
Pope Calixtus II and Emperor Henry V -
6.1.7 The murder of Thomas Becket
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Why was Bechet murdered?
Becket took his job as archbishop very seriously and supported the Pope and Church reformers. The archbishop even excommunicated bishops that helped Henry to gain more power over the Church. -
6.2.1 Theory
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Why did Urbanus II organize the Crusades?
To free Jerusalem from Muslim rule.
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