HISTORICAL FRAMEWORK: THE 17TH CENTURY ABOVE AND BELOW THE ALPS
7 important questions on HISTORICAL FRAMEWORK: THE 17TH CENTURY ABOVE AND BELOW THE ALPS
In the seventeenth century there are two different transition going on, what were these developments? Where did it happen and what was the idea behind them?
the transition of Amsterdam as an international merchant city
The transition between Renaissance and Baroque is based on the tension between rationalism and irrationalism. this did not happen above the Alpes there the style was still related to rationalism.
How did the Baroque look at the concept of space? And what development has influenced this way of thinking?
There was a tention between Renaissance and Baroque how can this tention be explained?
- The rationalism of the renaissance with the strict classicist composition of logical-mathematical rules.
- The irrationalism of the baroque on the other site with the unbridled imagination or the Faustian pursuit of the infinite.
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Absolutism become more important during the baroque what is meant by this?
- During the Renaissance the human subject starts to decide what the city as an object will (come to )look like. An urban elite emerges, that determines city building, being the more powerful subject.
- This process continues during the Baroque period. The elite’s power is concentrated in the power of an absolute ruler, the prince, the city governor, church prelate. In fact the ruler is the designer of his city.
During the time period of the baroque multiple inventions were made which one was a deal breaker when looking at the amount of influences it had on the baroque style?
During the Baroque the hang to rationalism continuous why is that?
There was a kind of tension at multiple aspects in society and they wanted to solve that with rationalism. examples of tension are Reformation and the Counter-Reformation and the 30 Year War. Nations emerge and they compete with each other.
According to Toulmin the Baroque is the starting point of the second phase of modernity. this period has multiple characteristics. What are they?
- From oral knowledge to written knowledge (objective, formal reasoning replaces argumentative reasoning)
- From special knowledge to universal knowledge (move away from a case study) - From local knowledge to general knowledge (concrete events, with their great diversity, are replaced by abstract axioms, that provide a reductionist blueprint of reality)
- From time-bound knowledge to timeless knowledge (knowledge cannot be restricted to a place or a time; knowledge is timeless, general, universal and objective; anybody, anywhere can acquire and apply that knowledge).
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